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| Experimental Investigation of Quantum Dimmers———The Influence of Magnetic Field Intensity on the Variation of Sodium Lamp Shadows |
| ZHANG Zonghao 1 ，ZHANG Shaolun 1 ，SHAO Yansong，SONG Haiying *
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| College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering，Beijing University of Technology，Beijing 100124，China |
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Abstract Based on the Zeeman effect，this study introduces changes in magnetic field intensity，diffraction
gratings and spectral analysis to explore the influence mechanism of magnetic field intensity variation on the
shadow intensity of sodium lamps．Through preliminary experiments and formal experiments，the phenomenon of
energy level splitting of sodium atoms in the flame under the action of a magnetic field is verified．Quantitative
analysis of spectra and experimental data reveals the relationship between magnetic field intensity and shadow
brightness．The experimental results show that an increase in magnetic field intensity leads to the splitting of the
absorption spectral lines of sodium atoms，reducing their resonant absorption capacity for the yellow light of
sodium lamps and thus lightening the shadows．Further research involves fitting the shadow brightness data and
applying formulas and methods such as the Zeeman effect energy level splitting formula，which confirms a
positive correlation trend between shadow brightness and magnetic field intensity．
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Published: 25 February 2026
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Improvement and Expansion Study of a Traditional Magnetic Experiment
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